The topics studied in GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) mathematics for Key Stage 4 (KS4) in the UK typically include:

  1. Number and Algebra:
    • Place value and ordering
    • Basic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division)
    • Fractions, decimals, and percentages
    • Ratio and proportion
    • Algebraic expressions and equations
    • Indices and powers
  2. Geometry and Measures:
    • Properties of shapes (2D and 3D)
    • Angles, lines, and polygons
    • Symmetry and transformations
    • Measurements (length, area, volume, capacity, angles)
    • Constructions and loci
  3. Statistics and Probability:
    • Data representation and interpretation
    • Averages and spread
    • Probability and tree diagrams
    • Statistical graphs and charts
  4. Handling Data:
    • Collecting, organizing, and representing data
    • Statistical measures (mean, median, mode)
    • Probability and sampling
  5. Calculus (Foundation Level):
    • Basic understanding of calculus concepts (rates of change, gradient of curves)

The content and specific topics covered may vary slightly depending on the exam board and the specific GCSE mathematics course followed. It’s always recommended to check the syllabus of the exam board to get the most accurate and up-to-date information.